Regulating device for fuel-oil pumps



H. H. BLACHE.

REGULATING DEVIC FOR FU EL OIL PUMPS. APPLICATION FILI-:n sfPT. 1a. 1919.

'1,401 ,038, Patented 1390.20, 1921.'.

fw :few/fof:

UNITED stairs PATENT OFFICE. s

:HANS HENRIK BLACHE, OF NEAR COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

REGU'LATING DEVICE FOR' FUEL-'OIL PUMPS.

Application filed `September V18, 1919.

To all whom t may concer-n.'

Be it known that l, HAN-s Human Bnnonn, citizen ol' the Kingdom or" Denmark, residing near Copenhagen, have Ainvented certain new and useful improvements in a Regulatinc Device lor Fuel-Gil Pumps, (flor which I have filed application in Denmark April ythe regulator and, thereby, causingthe va ve to be Set down on its seat. ln the heretofore used device, the regulating member (the rod or lever) wasV always connected. to the valve and, by closing the valve at an earlier or later moment, it caused the engine to receive the quantity ot `fuel oil corresponding to the power yielded by the, engine.

The present invention relates to a regulating device which acts, as did 'those heretofore known, by actuating the suction valve, but which, according to the present invention, is not in contact with the valve during the normal operation olf the engine. During the engines normal operation, the regulating device is entirely out ol contact with the suction valve, so that the pump, in consequence thereof, will supply a lull charge of fuel. Not until the regulator. sets the regulating device in operation, will the latter engage the suction valve. In the pump, the regulation is electedby the suction lvalve being lifted during the downwardl stroke oi the puinp piston, so thatthe pump owing to the regulation supplies no l:'uel-charge or only a very Ismall one. l

The drawing illustrates one manner ol constructing the invention.

Figure l shows the pump with the regulating device belonging thereto, in side-elcvation and partly in section, and

Fig. 2 the pump viewed Atrein the end in the direction of the arrow in `Eig. l.

a is the pump casing, wherein the suction valve o and the pressure valve c are pro vided. Z indicates the plunger piston of the pump. The plunger l transmits its motion to a guided rod 7L connected to it by means of a. lever e. The lever e is pivoted about the shalt 7. ln order to provide the necessary mobility there is inserted, between the Specification of Letters latent.

Serial N o. 324,681.

rod 7e, `moves in the opposite direction .from

the plunger d. The rod v7?, is fitted rwith tappet and a pawl le connected tirmlyto,

a heavy `weight Z. The pawl 7c with the weightl 4is rotatable yabout a pin m and is pressed,I by ymeans of the spring in, down into the position shown in Fig. l with lull lines. The 'suction chamber ot the pump is indicated by 0. A rody g is inserted, through the stulling box 0, into the suction chamber and, when this rod is moved toward the left, it lifts the suction valve b rfrom its seat. At the end of the pump, there Vis provided a shaft r fitted with two lined arms s and t, the varin t being adapted V,to engage `the pawl la, when the latter Vis in the position' .indi

ber o, so that the rod lifts the suction valve.

' 80 rThe apparatus acts in the following man-p` o from the seat.

ner:

As long as the rotary speed of the engine Patented Dec. 20, 1921.

has not increased beyond the permissible limit, the spring a will he so powerful that the pawl it, notwithstanding the reciprocate ing motion of therod It, will continue `to remain in its bottommost position, or nearly there. lhestappet i on therod 7L will havev turned the arm t out into the position shown on the drawing, where the arm will'reniain in consequence of the friction in the links and .in the stuffing box p. In this position Y or" the rod g there is left, between the latter and the' suction valve, a small clearance allowing the suction valve to rest firmly' on its seat and to operate like an ordinary suction valve lor the iueloil pump, so that the latter admits a lull charge of 'l'uel to the engine.

Il the rotary speed of the engine increases beyond the limit allowed, the acceleration or" the reciprocating heavy weight Z will become so great that itovercomes the pressure from the spring a. The accelerating forces are greatest at both dead centers, and the consequence thereoil is that the weight Z will swing outward to the right in Fig. l, when the sliding rod is in its extreme position and begins to move inward toward the pump. lhen'the weight l swings tothe right, the pawl 7tis lifted upward, so that its knife shaped corner u will engage the correspondl ing notch o in the arm t. VwWhile the rod h now moves to'the left, the Ypump piston travels to the right. During this motion, the pawl 7c will turn the arm t and, thereby, the arm s to the left. l-lereby the rod g is pushed into the oil-chamber 0,- where it Vlifts the suction valve Z1 from its seat, so that the charge of oil drawn into the fueloilpump during the suction stroke will be pressed back again into the oil chamber by way of the suction valve, so that no oil or Vnearly none ispumped into the cylinder or cylinders. When the rod ,t has reached'its eXtreme position to the left and again moves to the right, the arm t will remain in its position until the tappet i on the rod moves the said-arm back into the position shown on the drawing. By the rods motion to the right,the -pawl lc becomes free, so that the acceleration on'the weight Z during this motion will swing the pawl back, that is downward. During the-motion, the acceleration is assisted by the pressure from the springn. During a stroke as the one described, the pump will not have supplied any oil, and the cylinder will therefore not have devel- .oped any power. lf the engine, in spite of the regulation, continues to run too fast, the regulation will be repeated.

`The above l described regulating device may be used for multi-cylinder internal-combustion engines with one oil pump for each cylinder. .This is indicated on Fig. 2 which shows, in n end-view, a multi-.cylinder oil pump of this kind. The shaft 1' extends along all the pumps and supports the leverarms s whichj operate simultaneously through the rods g to lift the suction valves in the pumps exactly as above described. There is provided only one arm t at the end of the shaft r, and this arm t, is actuated, during .the regulation, in the above described manner by a pawl la fitted with a weight Zand placed on the rod h (FigjQ). When the -pawl la engages the arm t, all the arms s on the shaft?1 will be swungtoward the pump, so that the suction valves of the corresponding pumps will be lifted.

The device is especially suitable for marine engines, which ordinarily have 6 to 8 or more cylinders. vln such motors, it will be very suitable to let the regulation act on only a smaller number of cylinders. The

regulation is only to become operative in case the ship lifts the propeller out of theV water, the number of revolutions of the engine being otherwise regulated directly by hand, through a special Aapparatus actuating the suction valves of the pumps. When the propeller is lifted out of the water, the regulation if performed on all the cylinders, will have the effect that none of these vwill produce any work, and thev number of revolutions of the engine will'then be decreased too much, so that it will be ditcult `for it to be speeded up again, when the screw is again below water.` F or this reason, the regulation is omittedon one or more of the cylinders, so that the latter continue to generate power, even if the otherV cylinders are set out of operation. vThis construction is indicated in Fig. 2, where there is shown a six-cylinder pump whose cylinders are marked with the numerals l to 6. The cylinders 2- and 3 are not regulated and will therefore continuously pump fuel into; the corresponding cylinders of the engine. Opposite the pump cylinders 1, 4, 5 and 6,. there are provided arms s lifting the'suction valves, when the pawl Z engages the arm t, so that the said four pump cylinders are rendered non-operative. Y'

On the drawing, tnerpump is shown as a pump with horizontally moved plunger or plungers, respectively, but it may, without deviation from the principleunderlying the inventiom'be built as a vertically disposed pump where the regulatingv :members may be located, for instance, below,y theV pump. f v l l claim as my invention:

1. Regulating mechanism for fuel.- oil pumps, comprising in combination a memberfor unseating the suction valve of thepumi a lever system for operating said unseating member, a weight-actuated element movable back and forth and normally free of engagement with the lever system during its movements, but engageable underpredetermined conditions with said lever system to operate the same, and a tappet movable Vback and forth with saidweight-actuated element to return. the lever system toits initial position.

2. Regulating. mechanism kfor fuel-oil 105 pumps, comprising in combination a member for unseating the suction valve of the pump,

a lever system for operating said unseating member, a reciprocatory rod ymovable in juxtaposition to the lever system, a weight- 110 actuated element pivoted to said rod for bodily movement therewith and forl swinging movement relative thereto, said element being normally disposed out ofra-nge of the lever system during its movements with the 115 rod, but, adapted to swing into position to yengage and operate said lever system under predetermined conditions, and a tappet rigidly connected to Said rod to return lthe lever system to its initial position. A

8. ln combination with a multi-cylinder pump, each cylinder of which has a suction valve and an unseating member therefor, a lever system embodying a rock shaft, a set of arms thereon for operating theunseating 125 members of solely a few of the pump cylinders to the exclusion of the remaining cylinders, and an actuating armV fined to said shaft; a weight-actuated; element movable back and forth and. engagea-ble under pre- A130 determined .conditions with said actuating arm to operate the lever system; and a tappet movable ybaci( and Jforth with said weight-actuated clement to engage said actuatingV arm and thereby return the leverI system to its initial position.

4l. ln' combination, avalve; a .controlling member therefor; a lever system for operating; said member; and a. reciprocatory weight-actuated pawl normally movable back and forth in a path out orn range of the lever system, but adapted to roel; automatically., under predetermined conditions, into a position in which its path of movement intersects said lever system so as to engage and operate the saine. y p

5. ln combination, a valve; a controlling member therefor; a lever system for operating said member; a reciprocatory weightactuated pawl normally movable back and forth in a pathout of range of the lever system, but adapted to rock automatically, under predetermined conditions, into a position in which its path of vmovement intersects said lever system so as to engage and operate the same; and means for restoring` the lever system to its initial position after havingbeen operated.

6. ln combination, a valve; a controlling men ber therefor; a lever system for operating said member; a reciprocatory rod movable in juxtaposition to the lever system; a pawl pivoted to said rod for bodily movement therewith and for swinging movement relative thereto; a springfor normally holding;` the pawl in inactive position with relation to the lever system during its movements with said rod; said pawl being movable automatically; uncer predetermined conditions, into position to engage and operate sai-llover system; and means for 1' storing the lever system to its initial position after having` been operated.

7. ln combination, a. valve; a controlling` member therefor; a lever system for operating` said member; a reciprocatory rod movable in juxtaposition to the lever system; a pawl pivoted to said rod for bodily movement therewith and for swinging,` movement relative thereto; a springfor normally holding the pawl in inactive position with relation to the lever system during its movements with said rod; said pawl being movable automatically, under predetermined conditions, into position to engage and operate said lever system during the movement ot the rod in one direction; and a projection on said rod adapted, during the return movement oit' the rod, to engage and restore said lever system to initial position.

8. ln combination, a valve; a controllingl member therefor; a bell crank lever, one arm of which is operatively related to said controlling' member; and a reciprocatory element movable back and forth lin juxtaposition to the other armof said lever; said element normally occupying 'a position in in which it is inactive with relation to the Y last-named lever arm, but adapted to automatically assume a position, under predetermined conditions, in which it can engage and rock said last-named lever arm.

l0. In combination, a valve; a controlling member therefor; a bell crank lever having one arm operatively related to said controlling member; a reciprocatory rod movable in juxtaposition to the other arm of the lever; and a pawl pivot-ed to said rod for bodily movement therewith and for swinging` movement relative thereto; said pawl normally occupying a position in which it is inactive with relation to the last-named lever arm during its movements with said rod, but adapted to swing automatically, under predetermined conditions, into a position in which it can engage and rock said last-named lever arm.

ll. In combination, a valve; a controlling member therefor; a bell crank lever having one arm operatively related to said controlling member; a reciprocatory rod movable in juxtaposition to the other arm of the lever; a weighted pawl pivoted to said rod for bodily movement therewith and for swinging movement relative thereto; a spring normally holding said pawl in' inactive position withrelation to the lastnamed lever arm during its movements with Y said rod; said pawl adapted to swing automatically, under predetermined conditions, into a position in whichit can engage and operate said last-named lever arm when said rod moves in one direction; and means engageable with said last-named lever arm during the return stroke of the rod to restore the lever to initial position.

l2. ln combination with a multi-cylinder pump, each cylinder of which has a suction valve and an unseating member therefor; a lever system embodying a rock shaft, a set orf arms thereon for operating the unseating members of solely a few of the pump cylinders to the exclusion ot the remaining cylinders, and an actuating arm fixed to said shaft; and a weight-actuated element movable back and forth and normally free of engagement with said actuating arm during its movements, but engageable automatically with" said actuating arm under predeterminecl conditions to operate the lever system.

i3. Regulating mechanism for Ji'uel-oil pumps, comprising in combination'a memberior unseating the suction valve of the 1 pump; e lever system for operating said unseating member; a reciprocatory element movable in juxtaposition to the lever system atv a speed directly proportional to that of the engine; and a pawl carried by said reciprocatory element to move bodily therewith and to swing relatively thereto, Said paWl occupying a position in which it is vout of range of the lever system when the engine is running at normal speed, but adapted to rock automaticallyl under centrifugal force, when the speed of the engine becomes eXfv cessive, into a position in which it can engage and operate the lever system.

In testimony whereof ture.

HANS HENRIK BLACHE he affixes his signa-V 

